DLC (Differential Leucocyte Count)

Name: DLC (Differential Leucocyte Count)
Brand: Pathkind Labs
SKU: DLC (Differential Leucocyte Count)
Price: 150 INR
Availability: InStock
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Sample Type
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Test Overview

White blood cells (WBCs), also known as leukocytes, are present in organs, tissues, cells, and the immune system. They protect the body and its organs from infection at the tissue and cellular levels. WBCs are of different types. Differential Count (DLC) or a blood differential test helps find the number of immature or abnormal white blood cells in your blood.

Differential Count (DLC) Test Overview

White blood cells (WBCs), also known as leukocytes, are present in organs, tissues, cells, and the immune system. They protect the body and its organs from infection at the tissue and cellular levels. WBCs are of different types. Differential Count (DLC) or a blood differential test helps find the number of immature or abnormal white blood cells in your blood.

Neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils are the different types of white blood cells in the body. Out of them, the number of basophils is the least in the body. Despite being lesser in number compared to the other WBCs, they are of paramount importance for the body’s immune system. Whenever the immune system triggers a response, basophils release histamine and a bunch of additional chemicals that move through the blood vessels.

The differential count provides a picture of different types of leukocytes present in the body. If there's a need to increase or decrease a specific WBC, it is possible with timely action. The test helps individuals take timely action and undergo treatment based on accurate test results. Other than the five different types of WBCs stated above, the results of DLC include other components. DLC test results indicate them both in terms of numbers and percentages.

What is the purpose of Differential Count (DLC) Test?

A general physical examination involves different tests. A blood differential test is one of them. It is directly related to the different types of WBCs in the body. Different WBCs perform different functions. The information about all of them in the body helps a healthcare provider gain an understanding of an individual’s state of health.

DLC includes the following test parameters:

Lymphocytes
Neutrophils
Eosinophils
Monocytes
Basophils
Absolute Lymphocyte Count
Absolute Neutrophil Count
Absolute Eosinophil Count
Absolute Monocyte Count
Absolute Basophil Count

What does Differential Count (DLC) Test diagnose?

A differential test is useful for diagnosing the following:

Infections
Different kinds of cancers, including leukaemia
Inflammatory diseases
Autoimmune diseases

Why do you need Differential Count (DLC) Test?

Your provider may recommend a DLC to find detailed information about your health condition. They will ask you to undergo the test for the following reasons:

For your overall health check-up
For the diagnosis of a medical condition
For monitoring a blood-related disorder

Preparation and procedure for Differential Count (DLC) Test

Unlike other tests, the differential count does not necessitate an individual to make any special preparation. The only thing required for the test is your informed consent for it.

Understanding the results of Differential Count (DLC) Test

The results of differential count tell whether you have leukaemia, anaemia, or any other kind of infection or not. Given below is detailed information about normal test results for the differential count.

Normal results: You can consider your results normal if the different WBCs are present in your body in the following percentage:

Young neutrophil or band: 0% - 3%
Basophils: 0.5% - 1%
Eosinophils: 1% - 4%
Monocytes: 2% - 8%
Lymphocytes: 20% - 40%
Neutrophils: 40% - 60%

What Do Abnormal Results Indicate?

If there are higher-than-normal numbers of white blood cells in the body, it could be due to acute stress or an infection. Some other factors can also be responsible for it. These include leukaemia, an immune response, or inflammation.

The problem with the higher number of specific white blood cells is that it reduces the number of other white blood cells. As a result, the percentage of such cells may decrease. It explains why it is necessary to have the right number of the different kinds of white blood cells in your body.

Here’s a list of conditions that explain the higher and lower percentage of different white blood cells.

Neutrophils: The following factors explain the reason for an increase in the percentage of neutrophils:

Cigarette smoking
Trauma
Thyroiditis
Rheumatic fever
Rheumatoid arthritis
Myeloproliferative diseases
Chronic or acute leukaemia
Gout
Eclampsia
Acute stress
Acute infection

Your test result may show a reduced count of neutrophils due to the following factors:

Severe bacterial infection
Viral infection
Exposure to radiation or radiation therapy
Influenza
Chemotherapy
Aplastic anaemia

Lymphocytes: The percentage of lymphocytes in the body can be due to the following factors:

Viral infections like measles or mumps
Multiple myeloma
Lymphocytic leukaemia
Infectious mononucleosis
Infectious hepatitis
Chronic bacterial infection

If you’re diagnosed with low lymphocytes in the differential count, it can be due to the following factors:

Sepsis
The use of steroids
Radiation therapy
Leukaemia
HIV/AIDS infection
Chemotherapy

Monocytes: An increased number of monocytes may be due to the following factors:

Viral infections like measles, mumps, and mononucleosis
Tuberculosis
Parasitic infection
Leukaemia
Chronic inflammatory disease

Eosinophils: When the number of eosinophils increases in the body, it is due to one of the following factors:

Parasitic infection
Hyper eosinophilic syndromes
Collagen vascular disease
Chronic myelogenous leukaemia
Cancer
Allergic reaction
Addison disease

Basophils: The percentage of Basophils increases in the body due to the following factors:

Chickenpox
Myeloproliferative diseases
Collagen vascular disease
Chronic myelogenous leukaemia
Allergic reaction
After splenectomy

The following factors explain the reduced number of basophils in the body:

Acute infection
Severe injury
Cancer

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Test Details

10 Parameters

Absolute Neutrophil Count (ANC) Absolute Eosinophil Count (AEC) Absolute Lymphocyte Count Absolute Monocyte Count Neutrophils Lymphocytes Monocytes Basophils Eosinophils Total WBC Count / TLC for DLC

Frequently asked questions

The blood differential test is safe for most people. So, you can consider it to be safe for you. Some mild symptoms that you may experience due to it are bruising dizziness or mild pain. These symptoms do not last for a long time, though.

On taking steroids, the number of WBCs starts increasing in the body. It can impact the results of your blood differential test. So, your provider will advise you not to take steroid or steroid-related medications before having the test.

You do not need to worry about making any special preparations from your end before taking the test. All you need to do is adhere to the instructions of your provider.

They will take your sample for the blood differential test with the help of a needle. It is a usual procedure and there is nothing to worry about. Though you may experience a tingling sensation at the time of the insertion of the needle, it will go away soon. Also, you do not need to worry about the mild symptoms as they will also not last for too long.